COMMENTS
COMMENTS

02 December 2014

Innovations at the National Oncology Center

Illustration

Azerbaijan has achieved significant economic progress, which in turn has created conditions for the further development of healthcare and the solution of public health problems.

Under the leadership of the head of state, our country has achieved significant results in this area, improving the material and technical infrastructure of medical institutions. Special attention is paid to oncology, one of the most important areas of healthcare. Currently, the National Oncology Center is equipped with the most modern diagnostic, therapeutic and surgical equipment.

Professor Aziz Aliyev, a surgical oncologist at the Head and Neck Tumors Department, spoke with us about some new technologies in the surgical treatment of head and neck tumors, including laser surgery and Provox voice prostheses, which are used at the National Oncology Center.

First of all, I would like to thank the leadership of the Academician Jamil Aliyev Center for creating excellent opportunities for both our doctors and patients to receive high-quality treatment. The laser device is used in several cases. First, for laryngeal cancer, if the tumor is at stage I or II, that is, T1 or T2. Unfortunately, some patients in Azerbaijan receive medical care too late, when the tumor is already at the T3 or T4 stage, and in such cases we have to perform a wide laryngectomy.

Secondly, if the thyroid tumor has spread to the vocal cords. If the tumor is very large, its spread causes paresthesia of the vocal cords. In such cases, the vocal cords may be damaged during the operation. Damage to the vocal cords on both sides causes difficulty breathing. In such cases, we place a tracheotomy tube, which the patient wears for the rest of his life. If the patient underwent surgery in a non-specialized clinic and the vocal cords were damaged, causing suffocation, we remove two-thirds of the vocal cord using a laser and a microscope. Then the patient can breathe spontaneously, and thus the tracheotomy tube is no longer needed. This procedure cannot be performed without a laser and a microscope; otherwise, the patient will have to wear a tracheotomy tube for the rest of his life. Thirdly, if the patient has a polyp in the larynx or vocal cords, it can be removed using a laser and a microscope.

Laser polyp removal does not cause any complications and the patient can be discharged from the hospital the same day or the next day. In addition, laser removal helps to control bleeding, as the laser itself is used for both removal and coagulation. If the polyp is removed endoscopically and bleeding occurs, the patient undergoes a laryngeal slit procedure, which opens the laryngeal cavity, which can cause serious complications and requires intensive treatment. In such cases, the patient must stay in the hospital for at least 8-10 days.

Another innovation used at the National Oncology Center is the Provox device. If the patient's tumor is in stage T3 or T4, we perform a laryngectomy. Previously, such patients had great difficulty speaking due to the tracheostomy, which often led to lung infections. Normally, the air passing through the nose is cleaned before reaching the lungs. However, after a laryngectomy, the air is breathed directly through the tracheostomy and therefore is not filtered, which causes lung inflammation and requires prolonged inhalation. At the National Oncology Center, we already recommend Provox prostheses to our patients. These prostheses have their own filter and clean the incoming air, which prevents lung infections. In addition, patients can speak freely. At the same time, it is more aesthetically pleasing and creates a more comfortable social life for patients. Most importantly, their quality of life improves after the operation.

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Copyright © 2010-2026

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